Two main volcanic hazards from Nyiragongo can affect the local population and the surrounding environment :
1) Lava flows
The flank eruptions of Nyiragongo are very dangerous for the population leaving at the foot of the volcano. The low viscous lava of the Nyiragongo create very fast lava flows, that are able to reach tens of km/h on the volcano flanks. In 1977 and 2002 these lava flows destroyed villages and a part of the city of Goma (today ~700 000 inhabitants) within few hours only.
2) The gas plume
The semi-permanent SO2-rich gas plume of Nyiragongo triggers acidic rainfalls that affect vegetation, crops, human infrastructures, surface water quality and human health.
